Muometric positioning system (μPS) with cosmic muons as a new underwater and underground positioning technique (2020) | Hugonweb Annotated Link Bibliography

Using the time of flight of relativistic cosmic ray muons to estimate relative position.

There is also a 2024 paper on a more practical, wireless system and another on time synchronization from 2022.

Here is the author, Hiroyuki K.M. Tanaka's inspirehep page.